Juozas Galkus is a Lithuanian graphic artist and poster designer whose distinctive posters combine concise compositions, simplified forms, and decorative imagery. He has created more than 500 posters covering cultural, political, social, and theatrical subjects, while also working in book design, painting, and heraldry. His work became an important part of Lithuanian poster art in the second half of the twentieth century.

Born in 1932 in Šimkūnai, Lithuania, he studied at the Lithuanian Institute of Art, graduating in 1958. He worked at the Mintis publishing house before joining the institute as a lecturer in 1960, later becoming head of the Department of Graphics and a professor. His practice developed across poster design, book graphics, painting, and heraldry, including a series of portraits of the Radziwiłł family painted between 1996 and 1999 and coats of arms for numerous Lithuanian towns.

Galkus began exhibiting in 1957 and gained international recognition through poster exhibitions in Warsaw, Brno, Lahti, Colorado, Toyama, and the Baltic states. His poster Pirčiupis 1944 06 03 received a special prize at the first International Poster Biennale in Warsaw in 1966. His major works also include posters for theatre and music, including The Dance of Death, Oedipus Rex, and the Lithuanian Chamber Orchestra.

Galkus received the Lithuanian State Prize in 1983 and the Officer's Cross of the Order of the Grand Duke Gediminas of Lithuania in 2003. He later became an important historian of Lithuanian graphic art, publishing books including The Old Lithuanian Poster, 1862–1944 and The History of the Lithuanian Poster in 2015. In 2015, he received the Lithuanian Government Culture and Art Prize.

His work has been exhibited extensively in Lithuania and abroad, including a major retrospective at the Lithuanian Museum of Applied Arts in Vilnius in 2020. His contribution to Lithuanian poster design is also documented through his work as a teacher, researcher, and author, alongside his extensive body of posters, book designs, paintings, and heraldic designs.