Boris Yefimov was a Soviet political cartoonist known for caricatures of political figures, particularly Adolf Hitler and the Nazis, and for his work in Soviet newspapers and magazines.

Born Boris Fridlyand in Kyiv in 1900, he grew up in Białystok before returning with his family to Kyiv during the First World War. He studied law but began expressing his views through political caricature. His first drawings were published in 1919 and circulated in the Red Army.

From 1920 to 1921, Yefimov designed posters and brochures for Agitprop. He moved to Moscow in 1922 after his brother, journalist Mikhail Koltsov, helped him obtain work drawing political cartoons. His work appeared in Izvestia, Krokodil, and Ogoniok. His first book, Political Cartoons, was published in 1924 with a foreword by Leon Trotsky.

During the 1930s, Yefimov produced political caricatures of figures targeted in the Soviet purges, including Nikolai Bukharin and Leon Trotsky. After the Second World War, he traveled to the Nuremberg trials to caricature the Nazi defendants and subsequently produced cartoons directed against the Western powers during the Cold War. He became chief editor of Agitprop and continued collaborating with Pravda into the 1980s.

Yefimov received Stalin Prizes in 1950 and 1951 and was named People's Artist of the USSR in 1967. In 2002, he became head of the Political Propaganda Department of the Russian Academy of Arts. He published his autobiography, My Century, around his centennial and continued drawing and writing into his final years.

Yefimov died in Moscow in 2008 and was buried at Novodevichy Cemetery. His career spanned roughly nine decades, during which he produced more than 70,000 drawings.

Boris Yefimovich Yefimov